2,041 research outputs found
A Distributed Game-Theoretic Solution for Power Management in the Uplink of Cell-Free Systems
This paper investigates cell-free massive multiple input multiple output
systems with a particular focus on uplink power allocation. In these systems,
uplink power control is highly non-trivial, since a single user terminal is
associated with multiple intended receiving base stations. In addition, in
cell-free systems, distributed power control schemes that address the inherent
spectral and energy efficiency targets are desirable. By utilizing tools from
game theory, we formulate our proposal as a noncooperative game, and using the
best-response dynamics, we obtain a distributed power control mechanism. To
ensure that this power control game converges to a Nash equilibrium, we apply
the theory of potential games. Differently from existing gamebased schemes,
interestingly, our proposed potential function has a scalar parameter that
controls the power usage of the users. Numerical results confirm that the
proposed approach improves the use of the energy stored in the battery of user
terminals and balances between spectral and energy efficiency.Comment: Accepted at IEEE Globecom 202
Thorium content in soil, water and sediment samples and fluvial sediment-associated transport in a catchment system with a semi-arid interface, Brazil
Thorium (Th) is one of the main sources of natural radiation to ecosystems. However, data regarding Th concentrations in rocks, soil, water and sediments are currently scarce. Accordingly, this study aimed to establish background concentrations and quality reference values (QRVs) for Th in the environmentally impacted Ipojuca River catchment in Brazil, where the weathering of granites releases Th into the environment. Additionally, the study aimed to calculate Th fluxes in water, and both bed and suspended sediment. The mean Th concentration in the study catchment soils was 28.6 mg kg−1. The QRV for Th was estimated to be 21 mg kg−1 and 86.3 Bq kg−1. Bed and suspended sediment–associated concentrations ranged from 2.8 to 32.9 mg kg−1. Suspended sediment–associated discharge (3.42 t year−1) accounted for more than 99% of the total Th flux, while the dissolved phase transport was negligible in comparison. At the downstream cross section in the study catchment, suspended sediment samples exhibited Th concentrations similar to those observed in rivers impacted by mining activities. The discharge of sediment to the ocean from the study area is mainly triggered by soil erosion processes in the hotspot region (middle-inferior course). It is essential to identify Th hotspots before establishing environmental policies regarding human health and environmental protection
Efficient Battery Usage in Wireless-Powered Cell-Free Systems with Self-Energy Recycling
This paper investigates wireless-powered cell-free systems, in which the
users send their uplink data signal while simultaneously harvesting energy from
network nodes and user terminals - including the transmitting user terminal
itself - by performing self-energy recycling. In this rather general setting, a
closed-form lower bound of the amount of harvested energy and the achieved
signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio expressions are derived. Then, to
improve the energy efficiency, we formulate the problem of minimizing the
users' battery energy usage while satisfying minimum data rate requirements.
Due to the non-convexity of the problem, a novel alternating optimization
algorithm is proposed, and its proof of convergence is provided. Finally,
numerical results show that the proposed method is more efficient than a
state-of-art algorithm in terms of battery energy usage and outage rate.Comment: Accepted as a correspondance at IEEE TV
Mixed Coherent and Non-Coherent Transmission for Multi-CPU Cell-Free Systems
Existing works on cell-free systems consider either coherent or non-coherent
downlink data transmission and a network deployment with a single central
processing unit (CPU). While it is known that coherent transmission outperforms
noncoherent transmission when assuming unlimited fronthaul links, the former
requires a perfect timing synchronization, which is practically not viable over
a large network. Furthermore, relying on a single CPU for geographically large
cell-free networks is not scalable. Thus, to realize the expected gains of
cellfree systems in practice, alternative transmission strategies for realistic
multi-CPU cell-free systems are required. Therefore, this paper proposes a
novel downlink data transmission scheme that combines and generalizes the
existing coherent and non-coherent transmissions. The proposed transmission
scheme, named mixed transmission, works based on the realistic assumption that
only the access points (APs) controlled by a same CPU are synchronized, and
thus transmit in a coherent fashion, while APs from different CPUs require no
synchronism and transmit in a non-coherent manner. We also propose extensions
of existing clustering algorithms for multi-CPU cell-free systems with mixed
transmission. Simulation results show that the combination of the proposed
clustering algorithms with mixed transmission have the potential to perform
close to the ideal coherent transmission.Comment: Submitted for possible publication in IEEE conferenc
Microclima de ambientes com diferentes telas de cobertura no cultivo do tomate cereja em Juazeiro, Bahia.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o microclima em área de cultivo de tomate do tipo cereja em ambiente protegido com diferentes coberturas de tela no Submédio do Vale São Francisco
Desenhos de agroecossistemas multifuncionais para o cultivo de olerícolas.
O documento apresenta descrição de práticas agrícolas, tecnologias de baixo custo e estratégias para a construção de agroecossistemas saudáveis e sustentáveis, nos seguintes temas: 1) Seleção de espécies de adubos verdes adaptadas às condições edafoclimáticas do Semiárido; 2) Densidade de semeadura; 3) Manejo das plantas de cobertura. 4) Semeadura e plantio direto de meloeiro (Cucumis melo L.); 5) Produtividade; 6) Benefícios correlatos, impactos ambientais e econômicos.bitstream/item/223215/1/Desenhos-de-agroecossistemas-CT-183-2021.pd
Duffy blood group gene polymorphisms among malaria vivax patients in four areas of the Brazilian Amazon region
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Duffy blood group polymorphisms are important in areas where <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>predominates, because this molecule acts as a receptor for this protozoan. In the present study, Duffy blood group genotyping in <it>P. vivax </it>malaria patients from four different Brazilian endemic areas is reported, exploring significant associations between blood group variants and susceptibility or resistance to malaria.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The <it>P. vivax </it>identification was determined by non-genotypic and genotypic screening tests. The Duffy blood group was genotyped by PCR/RFLP in 330 blood donors and 312 malaria patients from four Brazilian Amazon areas. In order to assess the variables significance and to obtain independence among the proportions, the Fisher's exact test was used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The data show a high frequency of the <it>FYA/FYB </it>genotype, followed by <it>FYB/FYB, FYA/FYA</it>, <it>FYA/FYB-33 </it>and <it>FYB/FYB-33</it>. Low frequencies were detected for the <it>FYA/FY</it><sup><it>X</it></sup>, <it>FYB/FY</it><sup><it>X</it></sup>, <it>FYX/FY</it><sup><it>X </it></sup>and <it>FYB-33/FYB-33 </it>genotypes. Negative Duffy genotype (<it>FYB-33/FYB-33</it>) was found in both groups: individuals infected and non-infected (blood donors). No individual carried the <it>FY</it><sup><it>X</it></sup><it>/FYB-33 </it>genotype. Some of the Duffy genotypes frequencies showed significant differences between donors and malaria patients.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The obtained data suggest that individuals with the <it>FYA/FYB </it>genotype have higher susceptibility to malaria. The presence of the <it>FYB-33 </it>allele may be a selective advantage in the population, reducing the rate of infection by <it>P. vivax </it>in this region. Additional efforts may contribute to better elucidate the physiopathologic differences in this parasite/host relationship in regions endemic for <it>P. vivax </it>malaria, in particular the Brazilian Amazon region.</p
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